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Current evidence for covid-19 treatments
Visual summary of living systematic review and network meta-analysis
© 2021 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.
Interactive
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View past versions
Certainty in
how beneficial
a treatment is
Higher
Lower
How to read
this diagram
Mortality
Data sources
Published
Preprints
Upcoming
Trials
Participants
Analysed in review
To be included
in next update
Unpublished
Peer reviewed studies published in medical journals
Draft of research paper shared publicly, but not peer-reviewed yet
Data from clinical trial registries reporting results,
received in correspondence from trial authors,
from conference abstracts, or presentation slides
Research published or still being extracted while
preparing the most recent update, which will be
included in the next update
Evidence quality displayed:
High
Moderate
Low
Very low
No reliable evidence
While some studies do report on this
outcome, there are fewer than 100
patients total in these studies,
so results are not shown
Interventions
selected:
of 56
20
Category name
28
Diammonium
glycyrrhizinate +
lopinavir-ritonavir
Antiviral
Classification:
Moderately promising
Total trials
including
intervention
Total
participants
4928
Diammonium
glycyrrhizinate +
lopinavir-ritonavir
Diammonium
glycyrrhizinate +
lopinavir-ritonavir
versus
Risk difference
Days
1.2
Risk difference
per 1000 people
999
Evidence quality (GRADE score)
Moderate
Network comparison
Indirect comparison
Direct comparison
Remdesivir
Because the evidence for many comparisons and outcomes is very
limited, some of the results obtained in the analysis are implausible.
The effect estimates obtained are extremely large, and the evidence
was classified as very low certainty
To differentiate between plausible and implausible very low
certainty evidence, we do not show the effect estimates and the
grey “direction of effect” circle when the estimates are highly
implausible. Results that are highly implausible should not be used
to inform practice.
When selecting links, the numerical values will not be shown for
implausible results, and will be replaced by a warning symbol.
Implausible results
Relative efficacy
≤ 5 times higher
Ratio-based
outcomes
Absolute time to
event outcomes
Relative efficacy
> 5 times higher
Relative difference
in efficacy ≤ 10 days
Relative difference
in efficacy > 10 days
Last updated
Search date:
All identified research published
before this date has been
included in the diagram
This search has been performed to
identify recently published evidence,
for inclusion in the next analysis
Analysis date:
Latest search
for upcoming
evidence:
Published on
bmj.com:
This diagram summarises how treatments compare to each other and the certainty of the evidence available
Interacting with the diagram
Different outcomes
can be selected in
the drop down
menu to the top
left of the diagram
Comparisons can be
filtered by certainty
of evidence using
checkboxes to the
bottom left
Individual treatments and
comparisons can be selected
to highlight connections and
view numerical values
for efficacy
The width of the links show the
certainty of the evidence, according to
the GRADE rating for that comparison
Very low
Low
Moderate
High
The position of the smaller grey circles between
the treatments shows their relative efficacy
Not different
Each of the coloured circles
around the edge of the diagram
represents one treatment . They
are grouped by how promising
the treatment appears, given
the current evidence and its
certainty
Left treatment two or
more times as beneficial
as the right treatment
Right treatment two or
more times as beneficial
as the left treatment
Not different
Left treatment improves
time to event by five days
or more
Right treatment
improves time to event
by five days or more
Ratio based outcomes
Absolute time-to-event outcomes
Evidence quality
Select interventions to display (max 20)
20 selected
Showing 1 to 30
of 58 interventions
The display can show a maximum of 20
interventions. To select this intervention,
please deselect one or more others.
Too many interventions
DRAFT